Sentencing Guidelines 1-15

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1. Careless driving - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 25

Maximum: £1,000 fine

May endorse and may disqualify.  Must order retest if disqualified.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualify/Endorse

A

Momentary lapse of concentration or misjudgment at low speed

£300

£200 - £400

No

B

Loss of control due to speed, mishandling or insufficient attention to road conditions, or carelessly turning right across on-coming traffic

£500

£400 - £600

Consider

C

Overtaking manoeuvre at speed resulting in collision of vehicles, or driving bordering on the dangerous

£800

£600 - £1000

1 – 6 months

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

(other than those within examples above)

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. Excessive speed

2. Carrying out other tasks while driving

3. Carrying passengers or heavy load

4. Tiredness

5. Adverse weather

6. Poor road conditions

7. Defective vehicle

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1. Injury to others

2. Damage to other vehicles or property

3. High level of traffic or pedestrians in vicinity

4. Location, e.g. near school when children are likely to be present

Factors indicating lower culpability

1. Minor risk

2. Sudden change in road or weather conditions

Factors indicating lesser degree of harm

1.    Gave assistance to injured person

 

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

 

Consider endorsement or disqualification - must order retest if disqualified

Note

The question of the lack of experience of the driver may be raised.  It will be necessary in each case to consider whether this is a mitigating or an aggravating factor.

2. Construction and Use/Lighting (Goods vehicle or adapted to carry more than 8 passengers) - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 77

Maximum: Level 4 fine

May disqualify or endorse in certain cases, but not for a first lighting offence.  See Schedule 1, Parts D2 and D3.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualify/Endorse

A

Minor lighting or mechanical defect

£200

£100 - £300

Consider

B

More serious lighting or mechanical defect

£400

£300 - £500

Consider

C

Defect causing danger

£1,000

£750 - £1,250

Consider

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factor indicating higher culpability

1.      Multiple defects

2.      Heavy load or passengers actually being carried

3.      Commercial advantage gained

4.      Risk of accident/Accident caused

5.      Driving at night with defective lighting

 

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1.      Injury or risk of injury to other road users

Factor indicating lower culpability

1.      Short distance driven

2.      Vehicle now repaired/scrapped

Factor indicating lesser degree of harm

1.  Gave assistance to injured person

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

 

Consider endorsement/disqualification (See Schedule 1 Part D)

Notes

  1. Each offence should be identified in a detailed DVS report. The more serious offences relate to load, steering, brakes, bodywork and tyres.
  2. Where both an employer and an employee have been charged, the guideline sentence for the employee may be reduced by as much as half, unless there is evidence of the employee having specific responsibility.
  3. In all cases the totality of fines must be considered, taking an overall view of the seriousness of the case.

3. Construction and Use/Lighting (Ordinary vehicle) - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 77

Maximum: Level 3 fine

May disqualify or endorse in certain cases, but not for a first lighting offence.  See Schedule 1, Parts D2 and D3.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualify/Endorse

A

Minor lighting or mechanical defect

£150

£100 - £200

Consider

B

More serious lighting or mechanical defect

£300

£200 - £400

Consider

C

Defect causing danger

£500

£400 - £600

Consider

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factor indicating higher culpability

6.      Multiple defects

7.      Heavy load or passengers actually being carried

8.      Commercial advantage gained

9.      Risk of accident/Accident caused

Driving at night with defective lighting

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

2.      Injury or risk of injury to other road users

Factor indicating lower culpability

3.      Short distance driven

4.      Vehicle now repaired/scrapped

 

 

 

 

Factor indicating lesser degree of harm

1.  Gave assistance to injured person

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

 

Consider endorsement/disqualification (See Schedule 1 Part D)

Notes

  1. Each offence should be identified in a detailed DVS report.  The more serious offences relate to load, steering, brakes, bodywork and tyres.
  2. Where both an employer and an employee have been charged, the guideline sentence for the employee may be reduced by as much as half, unless there is evidence of the employee having specific responsibility.
  3. In all cases the totality of fines must be considered, taking an overall view of the seriousness of the case

4. Dangerous driving - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 22

Maximum: 2 years and/or a fine

Must endorse and may disqualify.  Must order retest if disqualified.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualify

A

Single incident where little or no damage or risk of personal injury or could be regarded as a serious example of careless driving

£800

£600 - £1000

1-6 months

B

Incident(s) involving excessive speed, showing off or significant risk to others, especially on busy roads or in built-up area

3 months

1 – 6 Months

6 months – 2 years

C

Prolonged bad driving or involving deliberate disregard for safety of others

9 months

6 – 12 months

2 – 3 years

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

(other than those within examples above)

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. Disregarding warnings of others

2. Evidence of alcohol or drugs

3. Carrying out other tasks while driving

4. Carrying passengers or heavy load

5. Tiredness

6. Aggressive driving, such as driving much too close to vehicle in front, racing, inappropriate attempts to overtake, or cutting in after overtaking

7. Driving when knowingly suffering from a medical condition which significantly impairs the offender’s driving skills

8. Driving a poorly maintained or dangerously loaded vehicle, especially where motivated by commercial concerns

9. Lengthy episode

10. Disqualified driver

11. Avoiding arrest

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1. Injury to others

2. Damage to other vehicles or property

Factors indicating lower culpability

1. Genuine emergency

2. Speed not excessive

 

 

Factors indicating lesser degree of harm

1. Gave assistance to injured person

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

 

Must endorse and may disqualify - must order retest if disqualified

Note

The question of the lack of experience of the driver may be raised.  It will be necessary in each case to consider whether this is a mitigating or aggravating factor

5. Driving License, forgery etc. - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 18

Maximum: £2,000 and/or 2 years – Art 18(1)
£1,000 fine – Art 18(2)

May not endorse or disqualify.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

A

 Makes a false statement to obtain a licence – Art 18(2)

£400

£300 - £500

B

 Makes, forges, alters with intent to deceive – Art 18(1)

1 month

£500 – 6 months

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factor indicating higher culpability

1.      Commercial benefit

2.      Lent to/used by disqualified driver

3.      Used as form of identification

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1.       

Factor indicating lower culpability

1.      The information in question was not relevant to obtaining a licence

Factor indicating lesser degree of harm

1.      Did not actually drive

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

6. Drive whilst disqualified - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 15(4)(b)

Maximum: 12 months or £2,000 or both.

May endorse and may disqualify.  No power to order the test to be retaken though such an order may already be in existence.

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualify/Endorse

A

Driving without a provisional licence/supervising driver but after the primary period of disqualification

2 months

1 – 3 months

Additional 1 - 6 months

B

Driving during the primary period of disqualification

4 months

3 – 5 months

Additional 12 months plus

 

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. Never passed test

2. Planned long-term evasion

3. Vehicle obtained during ban

4. Driving for remuneration

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1. Distance driven

2. Evidence of associated bad driving

3. Offender caused accident

Factors indicating lower culpability

1. Genuine reason why unaware of continuing ban

2. Genuine emergency established

 

 

Consider personal mitigation

 

Consider endorsement and disqualification

Note

  1. An offender convicted of this offence will always have at least one relevant previous conviction, for the offence that resulted in disqualification. The starting points and ranges take this into account; any other previous convictions should be considered in the usual way.
  2. This offence will almost always also involve a charge of using without insurance and that has been factored into the above penalties, however always cross check the insurance guideline for impact of aggravating/mitigating factors and relevant convictions.

7. Unfit through drink or drugs - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 27(1)

Maximum: £2,000 fine and/or 6 months

Must endorse and disqualify for at least 12 months and must order retest

Must disqualify for at least 3 years if offender has been convicted of a relevant offence in preceding 10 years and must order retest

If there is a delay in sentencing after conviction, consider interim disqualification

Note: the final column below provides guidance regarding the length of disqualification that may be appropriate in cases to which the 3 year minimum applies. The period to be imposed in any individual case will depend on an assessment of all the relevant circumstances, including the length of time since the earlier ban was imposed and the gravity of the current offence.

If there is a delay in sentencing after conviction, consider interim disqualification

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualification

Disqualification if 2nd offence in 10 years

A

Evidence of moderate level of impairment and no aggravating factors

£600

£400 - £800

12 – 15 months

36 + months

B

Evidence of moderate level of impairment and presence of one or more aggravating factors listed below

£1,000

£800 - £1,200

15 – 18 months

36 + months

C

Evidence of high level of impairment and no aggravating factors

2 months

1 – 3 months

18 – 24 months

42 + months

D

Evidence of high level of impairment and presence of one or more aggravating factors listed below

4 months

3 – 5 months

24 + months

42 + months

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

(other than those within examples above)

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. LGV, HGV, PSV etc.

2. Poor road or weather conditions

3. Carrying passengers

4. Driving for hire or reward

5. Evidence of unacceptable standard of driving

6. High likelihood of driving (In Charge)

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1. Involved in accident

2. Location e.g. near school

3. High level of traffic or pedestrians in the vicinity

Factors indicating lower culpability

1. Genuine emergency established *

2. Very short distance driven *

3. Low likelihood of driving (In Charge)

 

* even where not amounting to special reasons

 

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

 

Must disqualify and must order retest

8. Drive without a licence/Employ an unlicensed driver - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 4

Maximum: £500

May endorse and may disqualify.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualify/Endorse

Equivalent non-Jersey held or lapsed full Jersey licence

£200

£100 - £300

No/No

No licence held

£300

£200 - £400

Consider

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

(other than those within examples above)

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. Never taken test

2. Planned long-term evasion

3. Driving for remuneration

4. If employment charge, employer made no enquiry

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1. Distance driven

2. Evidence of associated bad driving

3. Offender caused accident

Factors indicating lower culpability

1. Genuine emergency established

2. Lawful driving experience elsewhere

 

Factors indicating lesser degree of harm

1. Gave assistance to injured person

 

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

 

Consider endorsement and disqualification

9. Excess alcohol - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 28(1)(a)

Maximum:   £2,000 fine and/or 6 months

Must disqualify for at least 12 months and must order retest

Must disqualify for at least 3 years if offender has been convicted of a relevant offence in preceding 10 years and must order retest

If there is to be a delay in sentencing after conviction, consider interim disqualification

Note: the final column below provides guidance regarding the length of disqualification that may be appropriate in cases to which the 3 year minimum applies. The period to be imposed in any individual case will depend on an assessment of all the relevant circumstances, including the length of time since the earlier ban was imposed and the gravity of the current offence.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Level of alcohol

Starting point

 

Range

 

Disqualification

 

Disqual. 2nd offence in 10 years

 

Breath  (mcg)

Blood   (ml)

Urine    (ml)

A

36 - 49

81 – 114

110 – 152

£600

£400 - £800

12 – 15 months

36 + months

B

50 – 69

115 – 160

153 – 213

£1,000

£800 - £1,200

15 – 18 months

36 + months

C

70 – 86

161 – 199

214 – 266

2 months

1 – 3 months

18 – 24 months

36 + months

D

87 - 104

200 – 241

267 – 320

4 months

3 – 5 months

24 – 30 months

42 + months

E

105 +

242 +

321 +

5 months

4 – 6 months

30+ months

48 + months

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. LGV, HGV, PSV etc.

2. Poor road or weather conditions

3. Carrying passengers, especially if children

4. Driving for hire or reward

5. Evidence of unacceptable standard of driving

6. Second or subsequent relevant conviction

7. High likelihood of driving (In Charge)

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1. Involved in accident

2. Location, e.g. near school

3. High level of traffic or pedestrians in the vicinity

Factors indicating lower culpability

1. Genuine emergency established *

2. Very short distance driven *

3. Low likelihood of driving (In Charge)

* even where not amounting to special reasons

 

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

 

Must disqualify and must order retest

10. Fail to give information to identify person in charge of vehicle - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 86

Maximum: £500 fine

May not disqualify or endorse

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

A

Owner/person not present at time of offence

£250

£200 - £300

B

Owner/person present at time of offence

£350

£300 - £400

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factor indicating higher culpability

1.      Seriousness of the underlying offence

2.      The urgency of obtaining the information

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1.      Accident with damage and/or injury

 

 

 

Factor indicating lesser degree of harm

1.      Gave assistance to injured person

 

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

11. Fail to provide roadside specimen - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 29(4)

Maximum: Level 2 fine.

May endorse or disqualify.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualify/Endorse

A

Defendant refused test when had honestly held but unreasonable excuse

£200

£100 - £300

Only in exceptional circumstances

B

Deliberate refusal or deliberate failure

£400

£300 - £500

Consider

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

(other than those within examples above)

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. Obvious state of intoxication

2. LGV, HGV, PSV etc.

3. Driving for hire or reward

Factors indicating lower culpability

1.    Genuine but unsuccessful attempt to provide specimen

 

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

 

Consider endorsement and disqualification

12. Fail to provide specimen for analysis - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 30 (7)

Maximum: £2,000 fine and/or 6 months

Must disqualify for at least 12 months and must order retest

Must disqualify for at least 3 years if offender has been convicted of a relevant offence in preceding 10 years and must order retest

If there is a delay in sentencing after conviction, consider interim disqualification

Note: the final column below provides guidance regarding the length of disqualification that may be appropriate in cases to which the 3 year minimum applies. The period to be imposed in any individual case will depend on an assessment of all the relevant circumstances, including the length of time since the earlier ban was imposed and the gravity of the current offence.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

 

Disqualification

 

Disqual. 2nd offence in 10 years

A

Defendant refused test when had honestly held but unreasonable excuse

£800

£500 - £1200

12 - 18 months

36 + months

B

Deliberate refusal or deliberate failure

3 months

2 - 4 months

18 – 24 months

36 + months

C

Deliberate refusal or deliberate failure where evidence of serious impairment

5 months

4 – 6 months

30 – 36 months

42 + months

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

(other than those within examples above)

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. Evidence of unacceptable standard of driving

2. LGV, HGV, PSV etc.

3. Obvious state of intoxication

4. Driving for hire or reward

Factor indicating greater degree of harm

1. Involved in accident

Factor indicating lower culpability

1.      Genuine but unsuccessful attempt to provide specimen

2.      Misplaced sense of outrage of person who has not been driving or not been drinking

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

 

Must disqualify and must order retest

Note

Where one reading is available this may be relevant as a guide to the level of consumption.

13. Fail to stop/report road accident - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 52

Maximum:6 months and/or a fine

May endorse and may disqualify. No power to order a retest.

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualify/Endorse

A

Minor damage/no injury or stopped at scene but failed to exchange particulars or report

£400

£200 - £600

No/Consider

B

Moderate damage/minor injury or failed to stop and failed to report

£1,000

£600 – 1 month

1 – 12 months

C

Serious damage/more than minor injury and/or evidence of bad driving /evidence of drink or drugs/evasion of test, e.g. time of night/location

3 months

2 – 4 months

12 months plus (up to and including drink-drive level)

 

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

(other than those within examples above)

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. Knowledge/suspicion that personal injury caused
(where not an element of the offence)

2. Leaving injured party at scene

3. Giving false details or vehicle not registered correctly

4. Extent of any damage to vehicle or to 3 rd party property

Factors indicating lower culpability

1. Believed identity known

2. Genuine fear of retribution

3. Subsequently reported

 

 

Consider personal mitigation

 

Consider endorsement and disqualification

Note

Statutory defence in Article 52(2).

 A person shall not be convicted of an offence under this Article if he or she proves to the satisfaction of the court that his or her failure to comply with the provisions thereof was not with the intent of avoiding any civil or criminal liability arising out of the accident.

14. Fail to stop for officer/give name and address - Road Traffic (Jersey) Law 1956, Art 51

Maximum: £500 fine – Art 51(1), £1,000 fine – Art 51(2) [Dangerous/careless driving]

May not disqualify or endorse

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

A

 Fail to stop when required by a police or traffic officer – Art 51(1)

£250

£200 - £300

B

 Refuse to give information – Art 51(2)

£500

£400 - £600

C

 Give false information - Art 51(2)

£600

£500 - £700

 

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factor indicating higher culpability

1.      Seriousness of the underlying offence – Art 51(2)

2.      Gave false name and/or address

3.      Intention to avoid liability

4.      Officer in full uniform and clearly visible

Factors indicating greater degree of harm

1.      Accident with damage and/or injury

2.      People put at risk at the time of moving off

Factor indicating lower culpability

1.

Factor indicating lesser degree of harm

1.  Gave assistance to injured person

 

Form a preliminary view of the appropriate sentence,
then consider offender mitigation

15. Insurance, driving without - Motor Traffic (Third Party Insurance) (Jersey) Law 1948, Art 2(1)

Maximum: 18 months and/or £2,000 fine

May endorse or disqualify.  No power to order a retest.

Offence seriousness (culpability and harm)

A. Identify the appropriate starting point

Starting points based on first time offender pleading guilty

Examples of nature of activity

Starting point

Range

Disqualify/Endorse

A

Technical offence, e.g. where a vehicle is left on the road or in a public car park but not driven

£150

£100 - £500

No

B

Negligent as to whether insured

£750

£500 - £1,000

Consider/Yes

C

Highly negligent as to whether insured or deliberately driving whilst uninsured

1 month

£1,000 – 3 months

3 – 6 months

 

B. Consider the effect of aggravating and mitigating factors

(other than those within examples above)

The following may be particularly relevant but these lists are not exhaustive

Factors indicating higher culpability

1. Never passed test

2. Gave false details

3. Driving LGV, HGV, PSV etc.

4. Carrying passengers

5. Driving for hire or reward

6. Evidence of sustained uninsured use

7. Made no proper enquiry as to the existence of insurance

Factor indicating greater degree of harm

1. Involved in accident

2. Accident resulting in injury

Factors indicating lower culpability

1. Responsibility for providing insurance rests with another

2. Genuine misunderstanding

3. Recent failure to renew or failure to transfer vehicle details where insurance was in existence

 

 

Consider endorsement and disqualification

Note

A disqualification of more than 6 months may be appropriate where there is evidence of sustained uninsured use.